日昨了然上載「淺談金剛經」與「再談金剛經」那兩篇文章，也提過四句偈「一切有為法，如夢幻泡影；如露亦如電，應作如是觀。」現我嘗試以金剛經的另一個四句偈「若以色見我，以音聲求我，是人行邪道，不能見如來。」來接續今天「三談金剛經」的相關話題…

在前段的四句偈中，由於引用了「人行邪道」四個字，因此就讓那十六個字顯得很艱澀而難以理解了！Edward Conze曾在一九五七年於倫敦把金剛經自梵文翻譯成英文，以下了然把英文版中的「英譯四句偈」粘貼如下：Those who by my form did see me, and those who followed me by voice, wrong the efforts they engaged in, Me those people will not see…

Well，看了由梵文直接英譯的四句偈之後，是不是覺得她原本就描述得很淡、很平和？了然以為二千五百多年前釋迦牟尼佛那四句偈的原意，應該是想勸人勿用「色相、Form」以及「音聲、Voice」去Approach祂、去瞭解祂！既然釋尊開示莫以「色相、音聲」來親近祂，那可又該如何是好？二十五個世紀之前，佛陀在北印度靈鷲山的法會上，以一枝優缽羅花與摩訶迦葉尊者「拈花一笑」的故事，為前述問題提供了「以意會代替言傳」的巧妙答案！Well，那同樣就是中國禪宗六祖惠能「不立文字、教外別傳」以及「不傳衣缽、但傳心法」中的「心法」呀！…

既然都已經談到了「心法」，了然現在把「心經」的中、英文版本抄錄於下：

般若波羅蜜多心經

觀自在菩薩，行深般若波羅蜜多時，照見五蘊皆空，度一切苦厄。舍利子！色不異空。空不異色，色即是空、空即是色；受、想、行、識亦復如是。舍利子！是諸法空相，不生、不滅、不垢、不淨、不增、不減。是故空中無色、無受、想、行、識；無眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意；無色、聲、香、味、觸、法；無眼界、乃至無意識界；無無明、亦無無明盡；乃至無老死、亦無老死盡；無苦、集、滅、道；無智亦無得。以無所得故，菩提薩埵，依般若波羅蜜多故，心無罣礙。無罣礙故，無有恐怖，遠離顛倒夢想，究竟涅槃。三世諸佛，依般若波羅蜜多故，得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。故知般若波羅蜜多，是大神咒、是大明咒、是無上咒、是無等等咒；能除一切苦，真實不虛。故說般若波羅蜜多咒，即說咒曰：揭諦，揭諦，波羅揭諦，波羅僧揭諦，菩提薩婆訶。

The prajnaparamita heart sutra

Avalokita, The Holy Lord and Bodhisattva, was moving in the deep course of the Wisdom which has gone beyond. He looked down from on high, he beheld but five heaps, and he saw that in their own-being they were empty. Here, O Sariputra, form is emptiness and the very emptiness is form; emptiness does not differ from form, form does not differ from emptiness; whatever is form, that is emptiness, whatever is emptiness, that is form, the same is true of feelings, perceptions, impulses and consciousness. Here, O Sariputra, all dharma are marked with emptiness; they are not produced or stopped, not defiled or immaculate, not deficient or complete. Therefore, O Sariputra, in emptiness there is no form, nor feeling, nor perception, nor impulse, nor consciousness; no eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, mind; no forms, sounds, smells, tastes, touchables or objects of mind; no sight-organ element, and so forth, until we come to no mind-consciousness element; there is no ignorance, no extinction of ignorance, and so forth, until we come to there is no decay and death, no extinction of decay and death. There is no suffering, no origination, no stopping, no path. There is no cognition, no attainment and no non-attainment. Therefore, O Sariputra, it is because of his non-attainmentness, that a Bodhisattva, through having relied on the perfection of wisdom, dwells without thought-coverings. In the absence of thought-coverings, he has not been made to tremble, he has overcome what can upset, and in the end, he attains to Nirvana. All those who appear as Buddha in the three periods of time, fully awake to the utmost, right and perfect enlightenment because they have relied on the perfection of wisdom. Therefore one should know the prajnaparamita as the great spell, the spell of great knowledge, the utmost spell, the unequalled spell, allayer of all suffering, in truth for what could go wrong? By the prajnaparamita has this spell been delivered. It runs like this: Gone, gone, gone beyond, gone altogether beyond, O what an awakening, hail!

心經末段咒語的中文為「揭諦，揭諦，波羅揭諦，波羅僧揭諦，菩提薩婆訶。」那是以Sanskrit、古梵文gate gate paragate parasamgate bodhi svaha「音譯」而得；若以「意譯」的觀點言之，了然以為英文的翻譯比較傳神一些！大意是說：「去吧，去吧；去超越，去超越一切。」而那也正是中國佛教徒所習稱的「到達彼岸」！…

了然在前文提過，字數只有短短260個字的心經，曾讓林語堂老先生對她的「精簡」感歎不已並頻頻跌破眼鏡！Well，真正讓林老先生跌破眼鏡的其實就是「色即是空、空即是色」那八個字，而那八個字的英譯是「form is emptiness and the very emptiness is form」… 現在讓我們回頭看看金剛經四句偈的前兩句「若以色見我、以音聲求我」，Edward Conze在他的英譯版本中如此寫著「Those who by my form did see me, and those who followed me by voice」，此處的form就是「色」，這個色字並非「色字頭上一把刀」、指稱色情的色，而是宇宙間全體「有型物質」的統稱…

剛剛提到「宇宙間全體『有型物質』的統稱」就是色，而色是空的！在般若波羅蜜多心經的經文裡，她更廣義地將「受、想、行、識；眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意」以及「聲、香、味、觸、法」等等都一併納入「空」的範圍！那相對的狹義說法又是什麼呢？現我將自己早期「人世間美的事物」一文中的某個片段粘貼於下：

了然以為其實我們每個人原本就都具備有通天的本事，一個人一出生就同時具備了兩個「我」：肉體外在的我會遵循「生、老、病、死」的固定模式走下去，但另一個我（心理學家說的ego，存在主義說的自我，佛家說的莫那識、阿賴耶識，道家說的魂魄，還有在美國近些年來甚為流行ESP所說All that is的Immortal Soul，其實了然認為那根本就是同一個東東。）會因家庭、學校以及社會教育的薰陶並隨著年齡的增長而變得「污濁不堪」！當然，俗世用了另一些比較高雅的形容詞「成熟、世故、練達」；當肉體以外那個原本純淨的「我」被覆蓋太多「雜物」時，一個人的通天本領就會隨之而遞減了！…

Well，前段提到「肉體外在的我」就是佛家常言的「臭皮囊」，也是俗家所習稱的「肉體、肉身」；釋迦牟尼佛在二十五個世紀前，就奉勸徒眾勿以「色相、Form」和「音聲、Voice」去瞭解、去Approach祂，那是何等高超的睿智見解啊！…

了然集「天賦異稟、麗質天生、聰明蓋世」於一身，從過去上載的散文∕雜記中，看倌們可以相當清楚地理解到，了然沒事幹「會聞香、能通自靈」，也曾經有過「天龍八部環侍護衛、魍魎魑魅附耳輕語」的非比尋常經驗… 那麼了然對於前述另類的親身體驗可曾在意乎？可曾駭怕乎？大法師今天開示如下：由於長時期浸淫於浩瀚佛典與多年書寫佛經的影響，了然對於「來也空空」、「去也空空」、「腦袋空空」&「口袋也空空」的四大皆空涉世法則，如今有了深切的體悟、並已成就一身如如不動的金剛不壞之軀！…

「金剛經」系列全文完…

初稿：10/6/2001 改寫、上載：6/14/2006